ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective To verify the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the immunomodulatory profile of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, in the presence or absence of TNF-α, and agonist and antagonists of CB1 and CB2. Methods Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth were cultured in the presence or absence of an agonist, anandamide, and two antagonists, AM251 and SR144528, of CB1 and CB2 receptors, with or without TNF-α stimulation. For analysis of immunomodulation, surface molecules linked to immunomodulation, namely human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR), and programmed death ligands 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2) were measured using flow cytometry. Results The inhibition of endocannabinoid receptors together with the proinflammatory effect of TNF-α resulted in increased HLA-DR expression in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, as well as, in these cells acquiring an anti-inflammatory profile by enhancing the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2. Conclusion Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth respond to the endocannabinoid system and TNF-α by altering key immune response molecules.
ABSTRACT
Little is known about the histogenesis of the odontogenic myxoma (OM). Dental pulp stem cells could be candidate precursors of OM because both OM and the dental pulp share the same embryological origin: the dental papilla. For the purpose of comparing OM and stem cells, this study analyzed the expression of two proteins related to OM invasiveness (MMP-2 and hyaluronic acid) in human immature dental pulp stem cells (hIDPSCs). Three lineages of hIDPSCs from deciduous and permanent teeth were used in this study. Immunofluorescence revealed positive reactions for MMP-2 and hyaluronic acid (HA) in all hIDPSCs. MMP-2 appeared as dots throughout the cytoplasm, whereas HA appeared either as diffuse and irregular dots or as short fibrils throughout the cytoplasm and outside the cell bodies. The gene expression profile of each cell lineage was evaluated using RT-PCR analysis, and HA was expressed more intensively than MMP-2. HA expression was similar among the three hIDPSCs lineages, whereas MMP-2 expression was higher in DL-1 than in the other cell lines. The expression of proteins related to OM invasiveness in hIDPSCs could indicate that OM originates from dental pulp stem cells.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Dental Pulp/metabolism , Hyaluronic Acid/metabolism , /metabolism , Myxoma/pathology , Odontogenic Tumors/pathology , Stem Cells/metabolism , Cells, Cultured , Dental Pulp/cytology , Extracellular Matrix , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Gene Expression , Hyaluronic Acid/genetics , /genetics , Myxoma/genetics , Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology , Odontogenic Tumors/genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
A candidíase bucal é a infecção fúngica mais comum em portadores de HIV e, com episódios recorrentes em pacientes com Aids. Com o objetivo de pesquisar novos e eficazes agentes antifúngicos contra cepas resistentes, foi investigada a atividade antifúngica do óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia, em diferentes concentrações, em leveduras isoladas de candidíase oral. O experimento foi realizado por meio da técnica de difusão em ágar. Foram avaliadas cepas padrão de Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida tropicalis ATCC 157, Candida glabrata ATCC 30070, Candida krusei ATCC 6258 e Candida dubliniensis ATCC 778157e os isolados da cavidade bucal de gestantes HIV positivas, sendo sete C. albicans, um C. tropicalis, um C.glabrata e um C. krusei. O óleo essencial foi analisado nas quantidades de 20 e 50 μL, nas concentrações de 10 a 100%, variando de 10 em 10%. Todas as cepas analisadas foram suscetíveis ao óleo essencial de M.alternifolia nas concentrações de 70% e 50 %, respectivamente, nos volumes de 20 μL e 50 μL. O potencial antifúngico do óleo essencial de M. alternifolia desperta interesse para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos.
Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection mostly common in people infected with HIV and the recurrent episodes occur in patients with AIDS. Aiming at searching, a new and efficacious drug against resistant strains, the antifungal activity of essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia at different concentrations was assessed on yeasts isolated from oral candidiasis. The experiment was performed by using agar diffusiontechnique; and the antifungal effect was evaluated on the standard strains of Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida tropicalis ATCC 157, Candida glabrata ATCC 30070, Candida krusei ATCC 6258 and Candida dubliniensis ATCC 778 157, and on the isolated from the oral cavity of HIV positive pregnant women, being seven C. albicans, one C. tropicalis, one C glabrata and one C. krusei. The essential oil was analyzedin quantities of 20 and 50 μL at 10-100% concentrations, ranging from 10 to 10%. All of the tested strainswere susceptible to the M. alternifolia essential oil at concentrations of 70% and 50% in volumes of 20 μL and 50 μL, respectively. The antifungal activity of essential oil from M. alternifolia holds one´s attention in manufacturing new and effective drugs.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Antifungal Agents , Candida , Candidiasis, Oral , Pregnant Women , Yeasts , OilsABSTRACT
O óleo essencial de Cymbopogon citratus tem sido alvo de vários estudos em função do potencial antimicrobiano. Neste estudo, a atividade desse componente foi investigada em cepas do gênero Candida isoladas de infecções hospitalares. Para a condução do estudo, foram analisadas 24 isolados de Candida albicans e 15 isolados de Candida tropicalis, originados de pacientes com suspeitas de infecção hospitalar e uma cepa padrão de C. albicans ATCC 10231, por meio da técnica de difusão em ágar. O óleo essencial de C. citratus apresentou atividade antifúngica em 100% dos isolados a partir da concentração de 25% (v/v), o que indica sua ação positiva sobre as cepas hospitalares. Sugere-se a realização de estudos farmacológicos e toxicológicos desse componente para avaliar a possível aplicação clínica.
Subject(s)
Candida , Cymbopogon , Cross Infection , Oils, VolatileABSTRACT
O citral, componente do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon citratus, tem sido pesquisado para verificar sua ação antimicrobiana em bactérias e fungos. Com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade antifúngica do citral contra leveduras do gênero Candida, no presente trabalho foram avaliadas 32 amostras de Candida albicans, 25 de C. tropicalis, 20 de C. parapsilosis e 5 de C. glabrata, coletadas de pacientes hospitalizados. O citral foi testado nas concentrações de 10%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 50% e 60% (v/v), utilizando a técnica de difusão em ágar Sabouraud. A atividade antifúngica do citral foi constatada em todas as leveduras selecionadas nas concentrações ≥25%. Mediante os resultados obtidos, sugere-se a realização de novas pesquisas sobre citral frente às demais espécies de fungos patogênicos para conhecer as características toxicológicas e farmacológicas para que esse componente possa futuramente ser utilizado como um importante princípio ativo na produção de novos agentes antifúngicos.